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Segovia, Spain

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Segovia was founded in 1076 BCE, according to legend. The city's origins are with the Iberians, although Neolithic remains have been found nearby in the Spanish high country. In the late first or early second century, the magnificent aqueduct was constructed. Pre-fitted blocks were hooked and hoisted into place over the 2200 ft. span. Although the aqueduct is among the most significant Roman engineering marvels, little more is known about its origins. Still, it was used continuously until 1884.

As in any case where something's origins are uncertain [human evolution, cough, cough], some will put their faith in believing a cute story. Legend says a young water vendor named Juanilla daily trudged down to a nearby river valley to fetch water, until she grew tired and offered to "sell my soul to the Devil if he would make the water reach my house." Satan agreed to the deal, but the girl insisted the water reach her house before the cock crowed the next morning. She quickly realized that Daniel Webster wasn't alive yet and therefore couldn't save her, so she locked herself in her chamber to pray for forgiveness while trembling with fear. When the cock crowed, the Devil still had one single stone to lay; Juanilla's prayers caused day to break slightly earlier than usual, and she was saved.

Segovia's Alcázar is its second important structure. Begun sometime in or before the 12th century, it probably began as little more than a tower, walls, and a moat. Segovia's growing prosperity in the following centuries allowed the ruling family along with Juan II and Henry IV to convert the Alcázar into a noble residence and Oriental-style palace. Segovia's ruling family employed Moors to begin construction of the palace; John II commissioned the tower at the far left in the top picture; Philip II employed Flemish workers to build the slate roof and the turrets seen in the lower picture; the result is an exotic mixture of various styles. Although nearly wholly destroyed by fire in 1862, the Alcázar is wholly restored and includes numerous paintings, tapestries, and even two thrones.
The Alcázar looks over the Church of the Vera Cruz (right window just above the railing), which was consecrated in 1208 by a predecessor of the Knights of Malta. The Moorish building is a 12-sided regular polygon dome with a bell-tower on the south side.
The Plaza de San Martin features the Torreon de Lozoya, a 14th century Gothic tower covered with Moorish sgraffito. Sgraffito, a quintessentially Moorish technique, involves a stencil being used to etch a smooth plaster surface, resulting in a dark and rough pattern being etched away from a smooth and lighter surface.

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